Impact tool



Oct. 11, 1966 A. NEUMEIER 3,278,084

IMPACT TOOL Filed Aug. 6, 1965 7 Sheets-Sheet l FIG.1

INVENTOR ALBERT NEUMEIER BUCKHORN, BLORE, KLARQUIST 8 SPARKMAN ATTORNEYSA. NEUMEIER Oct. 11, 1966 IMPACT TOOL '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 6,1965 ma TH NM EU E NN T R E B L A BUCKHORN,BLORE, KLARQUIST 8 SPARMANATTORNEYS Oct. 11, 1966 A. NEUMEIER 3,278,084

IMPACT TOOL Filed Aug. 6, 1965 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. 6

INVENTOR ALBERT NEUMEIER BU CKHORN, BLORE, KLARQUIST BI SPARKMANATTORNEYS Oct. 11, 1966 A. NEUMEIER 3,278,084

IMPACT TOOL Filed Aug. 6, 1965 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 :1 1 AN m r 2 .N MUN i255::

ATTORNEYS INVENTOR.

AL BERT NEUMEIER mm ME IN E m Ow mm N9 m3 mm: mi 5; m O

mmm mt:

BY BUCKHORN,BLORE,KLARQUIST SxSPARKMAN n In NH IHI A. NEUMEIER Oct. 11,1966 IMPACT TOOL 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Aug. 6, 1965 INVENTOR.

ALBERT NEUMEIER BUCKHORN, BLORE, KLARQUIST 8 SPARKMAN ATTORNEYS A.NEUMEIER (Jet. 11, 1966 IMPACT TOOL I) \JN '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Aug.6, 1965 mmm hmm INVENTOR.

ALBERT NEUMEIER BUCK HORN, BLORE, KLARQUIST 8| SPARKMAN ATTORNEYS UnitedStates Patent 3,278,084 IMPACT TOOL Albert Neumeier, Milwaulrie, Oreg.,assignor to Omarl: Industries, Inc., Portland, Greg, a corporation ofOregon Filed Aug. 6, 1965, Ser. No. 477,866 Claims. (Cl. 22295) This isa continuation-in-part of my copending application Serial No. 292,701,filed July 3, 1963, now Patent No. 3,213,607.

This invention relates to an impact tool and more particularly to a toolactuated by exposion of a fuel-air mixture driving a piston.

It has been found, in the use of impact tools of the type disclosed inUnited States Patent 2,898,893 in which a piston is moved from one endof a cylinder to an intermediate position to draw a supply of fuel andair into the cylinder, and the mixture thusly drawn into the cylinder isignited to drive the piston on further, that improved operation of thetool occurs if the amount of fuel supplied to the cylinder is always auniform amount, and the firing takes place at an exact time. The tooldisclosed in the above-mentioned patent works well, but the operationthereof would be improved by supplying a measured quantity of fuelthereto for each explosion operating the tool.

An object of the invention is to provide an impact tool in which aprecisely measured amount of fuel is introduced into the tool for eachoperation thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide a new and improved fuelsupply for an impact tool.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a fuel supplycartridge for an impact tool.

The invention provides, in an impact tool, a fuel supplying deviceincluding a bladder containing a fuel having a predetermined vaporpressure when under a predetermined pressure and a predeterminedtemperature. A container surrounding the bladder has therein a fluid,normally a liquid under the above predetermined pressure and the abovepredetermined temperature and having a vapor pressure substantiallyhigher than that of the fuel and substantially higher than that of theatmosphere so that, whenever an outlet valve to the bladder is opened,the fuel is forced out of the bladder. Preferably the container, whenthe bladder is empty, is quickly detachable from the impact tool forreplacement by a similar container having a full bladder.

A complete understanding of the invention may be obtained from thefollowing detailed description of an impact tool forming a specificembodiment thereof, when read in conjunction with the appended drawings,in which:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary, partially sectional view of an impact toolforming one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken generally along line 22 ofFIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged, partially sectional view taken generally alongline 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary, partially sectional view generally similar toFIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged, fragmentary, partially sectional view similar toFIG. 3 with parts thereof shown in different positions from those inwhich they are shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary, partially sectional view taken generally alongline 66 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view generally similar to FIG. 5 but with the parts thereofin different positions from those in which the parts are shown in FIG.5;

FIG. 8 is a view similar to .FIG. 6 with the parts thereof shown inpositions corresponding to those of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 8

3,278,084 Patented Oct. 11, 1966 ice and illustrating a manual cockingmechanism of the impact tool of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken along line 10-10 ofFIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken along line 11-11 ofFIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a triggermechanism and a magneto mechanism of the impact tool of FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 12 but with the parts thereof indifferent positions; and

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an ignition system of the impact tool ofFIG. 1.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, an impact tool forming oneembodiment of the invention includes a rear casting (FIG. 1), a castcylinder head 22 and a trigger housing 38 all secured together. Anauxiliary piston or plunger 21 is movable from a retracted position inthe cylinder head 22 for a cylinder 23 toward the right, as viewed inFIG. 1, by a compression spring 24 to move a main piston 25 from anormal position thereof adjacent the head 22 to an intermediate orfiring position thereof spaced substantially from both ends of thecylinder 23. As the auxiliary piston 21 so moves, it moves against acompression spring 31 which is weaker than the compression spring 24 anddraws air into the portion of the cylinder 23 therebehind through a port32 (FIG. 2) covered by a resilient valve closing member 33 mounted onthe cylinder head 22. Also, during this movement of the auxiliary piston21, the piston 21, through means described below, moves a driving rod 35(FIG. 3) to the right, as viewed in FIG. 3, first to the positionthereof shown in FIG. 5 and then releases the driving rod 35, which isvmoved back to the position thereof shown in FIG. 7. The position of thedriving rod shown in FIG. 7 is intermediate the positions thereof shownin FIGS. Band 5. The rod 35 controls the supply of a fuel under pressureto the interior of the cylinder 23. The rod 35 has a lateral driven armor dog 41 rigid thereon and a second rigid driving arm or dog 42projecting into a grooved collar 43 rigidly fixed to a tubular valvemember 44.

The impact tool includes a piston rod 26 slidable in cylinder head 27and in barrel 36 for driving a fastener or stud (not shown) positionedin the barrel 36 as is well known in the art. Cap screws 28 secure theheads 27 and 28 together. A cushion 30 at the end of a guide sleeve 29in the cylinder head 27 acts as a bumper for the main piston 25. Capscrews 37 secure triggerhousing 38 to the cylinder head 22. The triggerhousing has a handle 39, and carries a trigger 40. A spark plug 46(FIGS. 2 and 14) provides ignition from a magneto ignition mechanism 47,and a trigger mechanism 48 (FIGS. 12 and 13) is provided.

The tubular valve member 44, as best shown. inFIG. 7, has an axialpassage extending therethrough and the righthand end of the valve member44 is guided by bushing 72 and is slidable in a bore 51 of a nozzlemember 52 having a nozzle orifice 53. The nozzle member 52 is threadedinto a tapped bore 54 in a headed, tubular insert 55 fixed in acomplementary recess or passage 56 in the cylinder head 22. The tubularvalve member 44 is also slidable in a bronze, flanged bushing 61 and aseal 62 of poly-tetrafiuoroethylene. The bushing 61 and the seal 62 aresecured between generally tubular members 63 and 64 secured to theheaded insert 55 in alignment therewith by capscrews 65. Capscrews 66threaded into the cylinder head 22 secure the assembly of the threadedinsert 55 and the members 63 and 64 rigidly in position in thecounterbored recess or passage 56.

A compression spring 71 seats against a bronze flanged bushing 72 heldby the nozzle member 52in a counterbored recess 73in the insert and atits other end engages the collar 43 to urge the tubular valve member 44to the left, as viewed in FIG. 7. This urges a tapered or frusto-conicalend portion 74 of the valve member 44 into sealing engagement with anylon valve seat insert 75 having a complementary tapered valve seat 76.The insert 75 is seated in a socket 77 in a valve member 78. The valvemember 78 is urged toward the right by a compression spring 83, asviewed in FIG. 7, toward seating engagement of a frusto-conical endportion 81 thereof with a poly-tetrafiuoroethylene valve insert 82. Thespring 83 is substantially stronger than the compression spring 71, andnormally holds the valve member 78 seated against the valve seat 79 ofinsert 82 against the action of the spring 71. During storage of thetool while uncooked, both of these valves are closed. A plug 84 threadedin a counterbore 85 in the tubular member 63 holds the valve seat 82seated against the end of a counterbore 86 in the member 63 by means ofa sleeve 87 fitting into the counterbore 86. The valve member 78 has abore 91 therein which is Opened at the lefthand end thereof, as viewedin FIG. 7, and is closed at the righthand end, with a transverse passage92 connecting the righthand end portion of the bore 91 to the outerperiphery of the valve member 78. Fitting closely and slidably in thebore 91 is a cylindrical guide rod or post 93 integral with the plug 84,and this mounts the valve member 78 slidably along the longitudinal axisof the insert 55. When the tool is stored in an uncooked condition, boththe valve members 44 and 78 are closed.

The plug 84 is provided with passages 94 therethrough, which connect acounterbore 95 in a connector bushing 96 of a cartridge or container 97to the interior of the sleeve 87. The plug 84 has a cylindrical portion101 projecting through a grooved bushing 102 fixed in and sealed to theopen end portion of the counterbore 95 of the connector bushing 96. Thebushing 102 carries an O-ring 103 which sealingly engages thecylindrical portion 101. Interiorly tapped nose portion 104 of themember 63 is adapted to receive the threaded bushing 96 and to engage agasket 105 and press the gasket 105 against a flange 106 of the bushing96 to seal the end of the bushing 96 in the member 63. The cylindricalportion 101 of the plug 84 has a socket 111 for receiving aspringpressed valve member 112 of the cartridge 97, and moving the valvemember 112 to a position opening a resilient, rubber bag or bladder 113to the counterbore 95 and passages 94 in the plug 84. The valve member112 has a head 114 and normally is urged to the right to close a valvepassage in member 115 by a spring (not shown) in tube 116, but when theconnector bushing 96 is threaded into the nose portion 104 of the member63, the valve member 112 is held stationary while the member 115 ismoved to the right to open the passage in the member 115. The tube 116connects the member 115 to the interior of the bag 113. The bladder 113is filled with a fuel having a high vapor pressure and under a pressuresubstantially greater than that of the atmosphere and sufficient to keepthe fuel liquefied while in the bladder. The fuel is gaseous atatmospheric pressure and usual temperatures of the impact tool. Thecartridge 97 also includes a cylindrical outer container 121 having aspace 122 therein between the bag 113 and the interior walls of thecontainer 121 filled with a pressure fluid which has a substantiallyhigher vapor pressure than that of the fuel in the bladder, whichmaintains the fuel in the bag 113 under a substantial, constantpressure. The pressure fluid surrounding the bladder has a vaporpressure such that it is gaseous when under atmospheric or lowerpressure at the temperatures of the container normally encountered inuse of the impact tool. When full, the bladder contains suflicient fuelto liquefy substantially all the fluid surrounding the bladder. That is,the fluid surrounding the bladder is placed under a pressure suflicientto' cause it to be in liquid form. Since the fuel has a lower vaporpressure than the pressure fluid, the fuel will, of course, bemaintained in liquid form in the bladder. As the fuel is metered, thepressure fluid vaporizes sufficiently to keep the fuel in the bladder ata constant pressure, suflicient pressure fluid being in the containerrelative to the minimum volume of the bladder that even \when thebladder is completely empty some of the pressure fluid is in the liquidstate. Neck portion 123 of the bag 113 is sealed to a grooved stemportion 124 of bushing 96 by a band 125. The liquid fuel in the bladdermay be dimethyl ether, and the higher vapor pressure fluid in the space122 may be Freon 12 or Kerene 500, for example. During storage of thetools in an uncooked condition, the fuel is doubly sealed by the O-ring103 and gasket 105.

The cartridge 97 (FIG. 7) includes the container 121 and the bladder113. A collar portion 117 of the bushing 96 fits closely and slidably inbore 118 in the container, and a keying pin 119 welded and sealed to thecontainer projects into keying slot in the bushing. An externallythreaded nut 126 threaded into tapped counterbore 127 in the containerpresses the flange 106 against seaing gasket 128 to press the gasket 128against internal flange or collar 129 of the container 121 to form aseal. A threaded end portion 130 of the connector bushing 96 may bescrewed into tapped portion 134 of the nose portion 104 of the member 63to sealingly connect the cartridge to the member 63, and the cartridgemay be quickly detached from the member 63 for refilling of the bladder113 with fuel or for replacement by an identical, full cartridge. Acollar 135 of the tube 116 presses sealing gasket 136 against the bottomof counterbore 149 in the bushing 96 when threaded portion 137 of thetube 116 is threaded into a reduced, tapped end portion 138 of bore 139in the bushing 96. The threaded portion 137 of the tube 116 extends intothe counterbore 95 in the bushing 96 and is adapted to have a couplingthreaded thereon to connect a supply of the fuel to the cartridge forrefilling the cartridge with the fuel.

The greater vapor pressure of the pressure fluid in the space 122surrounding the bladder 113 than that of the fuel in the bladder keepsthe fuel in liquid form, and this pressure of the fuel moves the liquidfuel in the bladder through the passages 94 in the plug 84 into thespace in the sleeve 87. Then, when the auxiliary piston 21 is in itsretracted or cocked position, the valve member 78 is in the positionshown in FIG. 3 in which the frustoconical portion 81 thereof ispositioned out of engagement with the valve insert 82. The fuel flows,in liquid form, into a metering chamber 131 and fills the chamber 131.The metering chamber 131 is defined as the space between the seal 62 onthe righthand side and the valve member 78 on the lefthand side andbetween the interior of a bore 132 in the member 63 and the exterior ofthe tubular valve member 44. Then, as the auxiliary piston 21 (FIG. 1)is triggered and released from its retracted position, the rod 35 ismoved toward the right, as viewed in FIG. 3, to permit the spring 83 tomove the valve member 78 into sealing engagement with the valve seat 82,at which time a predetermined volume of the liquid fuel under apredetermined pressure is enclosed within the chamber 131.

On further movement of the auxiliary piston 21 (FIG. 1), the rod 35 ismoved farther to the right and moves the valve member 44 against theaction of spring 71 to the right, as viewed in FIG. 3, to the positionof the valve member 44 shown in FIG. 5, in which the lefthand end of thevalve member 44 has moved away from the valve insert 74, and the fuelunder the high vapor pressure in the chamber 131 flows out of thechamber 131 through the axial passage 45 in the valve member 44 andthrough the orifice 53 in he nozzle member 52 inc he inerior of hecylinder 23 (FIG. 1). Then before the air and the fuel in the cylinder23 is ignited, the drive of the rod 35 from the auxiliary piston 21 isreleased and the spring 71 (FIG. 7) moves the valve member 44 back toits closed position shown in FIG. 7, in which the lefthand end of thevalve member 44 sealingly engages the valve insert 75, after which theignition of the air-fuel mixture takes place. Thus, the metering chamber131 is closed off from the combustion chamber. Also, the orifice 53 isso small and the interior of the bore 51 and the passage are filled withthe fuel, probably in the vapor form, and have no air therein so thatcombustion stops at the exit end of the orifice 53. The orifice 53 alsois so small that the increased pressure occurring during the explosionof the fuel-air mixture and the duration of the explosion is so shortthat the pressure in the passage 45 is not inreased sufficiently to movethe valve member 78 against the action of the spring 83.

The auxiliary piston 21 (FIG. 1) is slidable in a bore 141 in a bushing142 positioned in a bore and threaded into a tapped bore 143 formed inthe cylinder head 22, and is movable between a cocked or retractedposition thereof, as illustrated in FIG. 9, through an intermediateposition thereof, as shown in FIG. 6, to an extended position thereofshown in FIG. 8. When the auxiliary piston 21 is in the position thereofshown in FIG. 9, a flange 144 thereof engages a slotted lever 145pivoted on pin 146 carried by a bushing 147 fixed in a laterally openingslot 148 in the cylinder head 22 and holds the lever 145 in a positionengaging the collar 151 to hold the collar 151 and rod 152 against theaction of compression spring 153 in extreme lefthand positions of thecollar 151 and rod 152. A plug 154 threaded into a tapped counterbore155 in the head 22 seats the lefthand end of the spring 153. The rod 152carries a slide portion 161 having a slot 162 through which projects anarm 163 of a lever having a second arm 164 and mounted pivotally on apin 165 carried by the side 161. A compression spring 166 seated in asocket 167 in the slide 161 and a notch 168 in the arm 163 urges thelever 160 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 9, to a positionin which a rounded nose portion 171 of the arm 164 engages the arm 41,along with a fixed arm 172 integral with the slide 161, the nose portion171 and the arm 172 bracketing the arm 41. The slide 161 has a bore 159therein fitting slidably on guide rod 157 threaded into tappedcounterbore 158.

The trigger mechanism 48 (FIGS. 10 to 13) includes the trigger 40mounted pivotally on pin 181 and having a clevis 182 connected by a pin183 to a link 184. The pin 181 is mounted in a fixed position on triggerside plate fixed in the trigger housing 38. A magneto driving lever 185also is mounted pivotally on the pin 181 and has a socket 186 in one armthereof in which is seated a compression spring 187 which also fits overspring seating pin 188 fixed to the trigger 40. The lever 185 carries ahook member 189 on the other end thereof and is adapted to be held inlatched position by a latching lever 190 pivoted on a pin 191 fixed tothe trigger side plate 174 and having a latching hook 192 adapted tohook over a laterally projecting lug 193. A tension spring 194 urges thelever 190' in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in FIGS. 12 and13. When the trigger 40 is pivoted in a clockwise direction, as viewedin FIGS. 12 and 13, to fire the tool, it moves the link 184 upwardly tothe left, as guided by a cam slot 201 and a pin 202 fixed to the triggerside plate 175. The link 184 carries thereon a lever dog 203 pivoted onpin 204 and urged clockwise by a spring 205 (FIG. 12) toward a positionin which the lower arm thereof abuts against the link 184. The dog 203engages an arm 211 of a sear 212 pivoted on pin 213 fixed to the plate175, and pivots the sear 212 against the action of a compression spring214 to move a catch 215 out of latching engagement with the flange 144of the auxiliary piston 21 to permit the auxiliary piston 21 to bedriven by the spring 24 (FIG. 1) to the right in its work stroke fromits retracted or cocked position.

The auxiliary piston in its work stroke moves the main piston 25 awayfrom the cylinder head 22 to draw air 6 into the cylinder 23, actuatesthe tubular valve member 44, as described above, to supply a measuredquantity of fuel to the interior of the cylinder through the orifice 53(FIGS. 2 and 7), and then releases the valve member 44 to permit it toreturn to the position thereof shown in FIG. 7 prior to the end of thispre-ignition movement of the pistons 21 and 25 (FIG. 1). As theauxiliary piston 21 is released to make its work stroke by pivoting ofthe sear 212 (FIGS. 12 and 13), the flange 144 of the piston 21 movesinto engagement with an arm 221 (FIG. 11) fixed to a plunger 222 by acollar 223 and pin 224 and moves the plunger 222 to the right, a viewedin FIG. 11, against the action of compression spring 225 mounted in bore226 in the cylinder head 22. This moves a dog 227 to the positionthereof shown in FIG. 11, the dog 227 being fixed to the rod 22 by pin228. The dog 227 engages the latching lever 190 and moves itito aposition releasing the magneto driving lever 185. The spring 187 havingbeen compressed by movement of the trigger 40 swings the lever 185clockwise, as viewed in FIGS. 12 and 13, and the lever 185 engages theend of high reluctance rod 231 mounted slidably in slot 232 of a core229 of the magneto 47, and moves a low reluctance member 234 away from acore portion 235 of the magneto, the low reluctance member 234 beingslidable in slot 233 in the core 229. A plate 249 is fixed to the core229, and acts to stop the member 234 in its travel to the right. Themovement of the low reluctance member 234 creates a gap 219 (FIG. 13) inthe magnetic path and also has an end portion 236 which passes agrounded spring arm 237 to the right to break points 238 on the arm 237and on plate 249 connected by the conductor 239 in series with a primarymagneto winding forming part of coil 241. This produces a rapid collapseof the flux in the core of the magneto to induce a high voltage in asecondary magneto winding also forming a part of the coil 241. Theelectrodes of the sparkplug 46 (FIG. 14) are connected in series withsuch secondary winding so that a spark is produced between suchelectrodes to fire the fuel-air mixture in the cylinder. The magnetoincludes and is supported by high reluctance mounting plates 248. Themagneto has a permanent magnet 242 and core portions 243 and 244 of lowreluctance, the core 229' being mounted on members 245 and 2460f rubberor other insulation and fixed to the trigger housing 38 by screws (notshown), a high reluctance member 247 being positioned between the sheets245 and 246. Capacitor 251 is connected across the breaker points toprevent burning of such points.

The explosion of the gas in the cylinder 23 (FIG. 1) drives the mainpiston 25 on to the right to drive the fastener in the barrel 36 intothe object to which it is to be secured, and also re-c-ocks theauxiliary piston 21 by driving it to the left against the action of thespring 24. During the triggering action, end portion 261 of the dog 203is moved away from the arm 211 to permit the sear 212 to return to thelatching position thereof shown in FIG. 12, and as the piston 21 movesback to the cocked position, as shown in FIG. 12, it rides along aninclined. face 262, snap over the catch 215 and is secured in its cockedor retracted position, the spring 214 urging the sear 212 back intolatching engagement with the flange144 of the piston 21. Then release bythe operator of the trigger 40 permits the trigger to be returned to itsnormal position, as illustrated in FIG. 12, by spring 257. The triggerpulls link 184 back to the right, and the end of the link 184 engagesthe driving lever 185 and swings it clockwise to pull the rod 231through the hook member 189 which projects into a notch 271 in the rod231, back to the left to the position thereof shown in FIG. 12. Thispulls the rod 231 back to the left. In this position, the low reluctancemember 234 engages the core member 235 to again increase the flux in thecore229, and the latching lever 190 again swings back under the lug 193of the lever 185 to latch the lever 185 into position. Also, the dog 2037 again swings uder the arm 211 of the sear 212 as illustrated in FIG.12.

The above described apparatus gives a sure, uniform charge of fuel tothe cylinder 23 for each firing thereof and directs the fuel in a widespray through the arcuate orifice 53 away from the spark plug 46, asillustrated in FIG. 2, and toward the port 32 through which the air isbeing drawn into the cylinder by the piston. This causes the fuel andthe air to mix thoroughly as the air is introduced into the cylinder 23,and forms an ideal, uniform combustion mixture for each actuation of theimpact tool. The ignition mechanism (FIGS. l2, l3 and 14) provides a hotspark precisely timed in the cycle to surely ignite the fuel-air mixtureon each operation. The cartridge 97 supplies liquid fuel under aconstant pressure to the metering portion of the tool regardless of theextent to which the bladder is empty. The bladder may be readilyrefilled with fuel, and the cartridge when empty of fuel can be quicklydetached from the tool for replacement by an identical cartridge havinga fully supply of fuel.

It is to be understood that the above-described arrange ments are simplyillustrative of the application of the principles of the invention.Numerous other arrangements may be readily devised by those skilled inthe art which will embody the principles of the invention and fallwithin the spirit and scope thereof.

What is claimed is:

1. In a cartridge for an impact tool,

a container having an open end and an internal flange spaced inwardlyfrom the open end,

a portion of the container between the open end and the flange beingthreaded internally,

a bushing fitting into and keyed to the internal flange of the containerand having an external flange positioned between the internal flange andthe open end of the container,

the bushing also having a nose portion extending along the portion ofthe container between the open end and the internal flange thereof,

a first gasket positioned between the internal flange and the externalflange,

an internal nut threaded into the internally threaded portion of thecontainer and spaced radially outwardly from the nose portion of thebushing and pressing the external flange to compress the first gasket,

the bushing having a portion extending beyond the internal flange intothe container,

a bladder in the container having a necked outlet portion fitting on andsealed to said portion of the bushthe bushing having a bore and an innercounterbore,

a second gasket in the inner counterbore,

a valve tube extending through the bushing and having -a flange pressingthe second gasket against the end of the inner counterbore,

valve means in the valve tube,

the bladder being adapted to be filled with a fuel in liquid form havinga predetermined vapor pressure greater than that of the atmosphere,

and a pressure fluid in the container surrounding the bladder,

the pressure fluid having a vapor pressure greater than saidpredetermined vapor pressure and under a pressure such that a portion ofthe pressure fluid is in liquid form when the bladder is empty.

2. In a cartridge for an impact tool,

a container having an open end and an internal flange spaced inwardlyfrom the open end,

a portion of the container between the open end and the flange beingthreaded internally,

a bushing fitting into and keyed to the internal flange of the containerand having an external flange positioned between the internal flange andthe open end of the container,

the bushing also having an externally threaded nose portion spacedinwardly from'and extending along the portion of the container betweenthe open end and the internal flange thereof,

a first gasket positioned between the internal flange and the externalflange,

an internal nut threaded into the internally threaded portion of thecontainer and spaced radially outwardly from the nose portion of thebushing and pressing the external flange to compress the first gasket,

a second gasket positioned at the rear of the nose portion and againstthe external flange,

the bushing having a reduced, externally grooved portion extendingbeyond the internal flange into the container,

a bladder in the container having a necked outlet portion fitting on thegrooved portion of the bushing,

a clamping band clamping the necked outlet portion of the bladder on thegrooved portion of the bushing,

the bushing having a tapped intermediate bore, an

inner counterbore and an outer counterbore,

an O-ring seal mounted in the outer counterbore,

a third gasket in the inner counterbore,

a valve tube extending through the bushing and having a threaded portionthreadedly engaging the tapped intermediate bore and also having aflange pressing the third gasket against the end of the innercounterbore,

valve means in the valve tube having an actuator extending from theouter end of the valve tube,

the bladder being adapted to be filled with a fuel in liquid form havinga predetermined vapor pressure greater than that of the atmosphere,

and a pressure fluid in the container surrounding the bladder,

the pressure fluid having a vapor pressure greater than saidpredetermined vapor pressure and under a pressure such that a portion ofthe pressure fluid is in liquid form when the bladder is empty.

3. In a cartridge for an impact tool,

a container having an open end and an internal flange spaced inwardlyfrom the open end,

a bushing fitting into and having an external flange positioned betweenthe internal flange and the open end of the container,

the bushing also having a nose portion extending along the portion ofthe container between the open end and the internal flange thereof,

a first gasket positioned between the internal flange and the externalflange,

means mounted in the container and spaced radially outwardly from thenose portion of the bushing and pressing the external flange to compressthe first gasket,

the bushing having a portion extending beyond the internal flange intothe container,

a bladder in the container having a necked outlet portion fitting on andsealed to said portion of the busha second gasket in the bushing,

a valve tube extending through the bushing and having a portion pressingthe second gasket against the bushing,

valve means in the valve tube,

the bladder being adapted to be filled with a fuel in liquid form havinga predetermined vapor pressure greater than that of the atmosphere,

and a pressure fluid in the container surrounding the bladder,

the pressure fluid having a vapor pressure greater than saidpredetermined vapor pressure and being under a pressure such that aportion of the pressure fluid is in liquid form when the bladder isempty.

4. In a cartridge for an impact tool,

a container having an open end portion,

a bushing fitting into the open end portion of the container,

the bushing also having an externally threaded nose portion spacedinwardly from and extending along the open end portion of the container,

a first gasket positioned between the bushing and the open end portionof the container,

means locking the bushing in the open end of the container in a positioncompressing the first gasket,

the bushing having a portion extending into the container,

a bladder in the container having a necked outlet portion fitting on theportion of the bushing extending into the container,

a clamping band clamping the necked outlet portion of the bladder on thebushing,

a second gasket in the bushing,

a valve tube extending through the bushing and pressing the secondgasket against the bushing,

valve means in the valve tube having an actuator extending from theouter end of the valve tube,

the bladder being adapted to be filled with a fuel in liquid form havinga predetermined vapor pressure greater than that of the atmosphere,

and a pressure fluid in the container surrounding the bladder,

the pressure fluid having a vapor pressure greater than saidpredetermined vapor pressure and being under a pressure such that aportion of the pressure fluid is in liquid form when the bladder isempty.

5. In a cartridge for an impact tool having a threaded connectingportion including a central projecting member,

a container having an opening, bushing means sealed in said opening andhaving a threaded portion adapted to threadedly engage said 3 threadedconnecting portion,

means in the bushing for sealing the bushing to said projector member,

gasket means extending around and positioned towards the rear of thethreaded portion of the bushing means and adapted to be sealinglyengaged by the threaded connecting portion,

normally closed valve means carried by said bushing and having anactuator adapted to be engaged by said central projecting member to opensaid valve means,

a bladder connected to the inner end of the bushing and adapted to befilled with a fuel in liquid form having a predetermined vapor pressuregreater than that of the atmosphere, and a pressure fluid in thecontainer surrounding the bladder, the pressure fluid having a vaporpressure and being under a pressure such that a portion of the pressurefluid is in liquid form when the bladder is empty.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 24,918 1/1961Mills ZZZ-386.5

1,054,728 3/1913 White et al. --26.1

2,671,578 3/1954 McBean 22 2386.5

2,898,893 8/1959 Rohr et al. 60-26.l

2,924,359 2/1960 Beremand 6039.48 2,979,897 4/1961 Studhalter et al.60-39.48

3,089,624 5/1963 Micallef 222386.5

3,115,283 12/1963 Lindgren 222--394 3,213,607 10/1965 Neumeier 6026.1

5 MARK NEWMAN, Primary Examiner.

WENDELL E. BURNS, Examiner.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No.3,278,084 October 11, 1966 Albert Neumeier It is hereby certified thaterror appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and thatthe said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 1, line 13, for "exposion" read explosion column 4, line 22, for"seaing" read sealing lines 71 and 72, for "the orifice 53 in i yhenozzle member 52 inc he inerior of he cylinder 23 (FIG. "1) Then beforethe air and the" read the orifice 53 in the nozzle member 52 into theinterior of the cylinder 23 (FIG.1). Then before the air and the column5, line 13, for "inreased" read increased line 34, for "side" read slidecolumn 7, line 20, for "fully" read full Signed and sealed this 5th dayof September 1967.

(SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER EDWARD J. BRENNER Attesting Officer Commissioner ofPatents

5. IN A CARTRIDGE FOR AN IMPACT TOOL HAVING A THREADED CONNECTINGPORTION INCLUDING A CENTRAL PROJECTING MEMBER, A CONTAINER HAVING ANOPENING, BUSHING MEANS SEALED IN SAID OPENING AND HAVING A THREADEDPORTION ADAPTED TO THREADEDLY ENGAGE SAID THREADED CONNECTING PORTION,MEANS IN THE BUSHING FOR SEALING THE BUSHING TO SAID PROJECTOR MEMBER,GASKET MEANS EXTENDING AROUND AND POSITIONED TOWARDS THE REAR OF THETHREADED PORTION OF THE BUSHING MEANS AND ADAPTED TO BE SEALINGLYENGAGED BY THE THREADED CONNECTING PORTION, NORMALLY CLOSED VALVE MEANSCARRIED BY SAID BUSHING AND HAVING AN ACTUATOR ADAPTED TO BE ENGAGED BYSAID CENTRAL PROJECTING MEMBER TO OPEN SAID VALVE MEANS,